2. Immunology/Inflammation
  3. Complement System

Complement System

The complement system, composed of more than 30 serum and cell surface components, is collaborating in recognition and elimination of pathogens as a part of both the innate and acquired immune systems. Once the complement system is activated, a chain of reactions involving proteolysis and assembly occurs, resulting in cleavage of the third complement component (C3). The cascade up to C3 cleavage is called the activation pathway. There are three activation pathways: the classical, lectin, and alternative pathways.

The complement cascade is a dual-edged sword, causing protection against bacterial and viral invasion by promoting phagocytosis and inflammation. Pathologically, complement can cause substantial damage to blood vessels (vasculitis), kidney basement membrane and attached endothelial and epithelial cells (nephritis), joint synovium (arthritis), and erythrocytes (hemolysis) if it is not adequately controlled.

Complement System Related Products (101):

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity
  • HY-14648
    Dexamethasone Inhibitor 99.86%
    Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, apoptosis inducer, and common disease inducer in experimental animals, constructing models of muscle atrophy, hypertension, and depression. Dexamethasone can inhibit the production of inflammatory miRNA-155 exosomes in macrophages and significantly reduce the expression of inflammatory factors in neutrophils and monocytes. Dexamethasone also has potential for use in COVID-19 research[1][2][3][4].
  • HY-101502A
    SB290157 trifluoroacetate Antagonist 99.87%
    SB290157 trifluoroacetate is a potent and selective C3a receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 200 nM.
  • HY-106178
    PMX-53 Antagonist 98.60%
    PMX-53 (3D53) is a synthetic peptidic and a potent and orally active complement C5a receptor (CD88) antagonist with an IC50 of 20 nM. PMX-53 is also a low-affinity MrgX2 agonist that stimulates MrgX2-mediated mast cell degranulation. PMX-53 specifically binds to C5aR1 and does not bind to the second C5aR (C5L2) and C3aR. PMX-53 has anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antiatherosclerotic effects[1][2][3][4][5][6].
  • HY-127105
    Iptacopan Inhibitor 99.96%
    Iptacopan (LNP023) is a first-in-class, orally bioavailable, highly potent and highly selective factor B inhibitor with an IC50 value of 10 nM. Iptacopan shows direct, reversible, and high-affinity binding to human factor B with a KD of 7.9 nM. Iptacopan targets the underlying cause of complement 3 glomerulopathy (C3G)[1][2].
  • HY-B0579
    Cyclosporin A Inhibitor
    Cyclosporin A (Cyclosporine A) is an immunosuppressant which binds to the cyclophilin and inhibits phosphatase activity of protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B/calcineurin) with an IC50 of 5 nM[3]. Cyclosporin A also inhibits CD11a/CD18 adhesion[8].
  • HY-163378
    C5aR1 antagonist 1 Antagonist
    C5aR1 antagonist 1 (Compound 7e) is an orally active C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1) antagonist. C5aR1 antagonist 1 is active in DISCO and migration assays, with IC50 values of 38 nM and 17 nM, respectively. C5aR1 antagonist 1 can be used for the research of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases[1].
  • HY-14648AR
    Dexamethasone acetate (Standard) Inhibitor
    Dexamethasone acetate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dexamethasone acetate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dexamethasone acetate (Dexamethasone 21-acetate) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.
  • HY-163379
    C5aR1 antagonist 2 Antagonist
    C5aR1 antagonist 2 (Compound 6a) is an orally active C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1) antagonist that shows efficacy in inhibiting the C5a-induced neutrophil count increase. C5aR1 antagonist 2 is potent in the DISCO and migration assays, with IC50 values of 21 and 3 nM, respectively. C5aR1 antagonist 2 can be used for the research of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases[1].
  • HY-153785
    NH2-C6-ARC186 sodium Inhibitor
    NH2-C6-ARC186 sodium is a modified ARC186 (HY-153098) with NH2-C6 that can be coupled to other peptides or molecules. ARC186 is a aptamer and a highly potent complement inhibitor that function by blocking the convertase-catalyzed activation of C5[1].
  • HY-15701B
    ADH-503 Agonist
    ADH-503 ((Z)-Leukadherin-1 choline) is an orally active and allosteric CD11b agonist. ADH-503 leads to the repolarization of tumor-associated macrophages, reduction in the number of tumor-infiltrating immunosuppressive myeloid cells, and enhances dendritic cell responses[1].
  • HY-148370
    IONIS-FB-LRx Inhibitor
    IONIS-FB-LRx is a specific antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting complement factor B (CFB). IONIS-FB-LRx effectively reduces circulating levels of CFB. IONIS-FB-LRx can be used for geographic atrophy (GA) research[1][2].
  • HY-P3204
    POT-4 Inhibitor 99.60%
    POT-4 (AL-78898A), a Compstatin derivative, is a potent inhibitor of complement factor C3 activation. POT-4 can be used for age-related macular degeneration research[1][2]
  • HY-153098
    ARC186 Inhibitor
    ARC186, a aptamer, is highly potent complement inhibitors that function by blocking the convertase-catalyzed activation of C5.
  • HY-P1717B
    AMY-101 acetate Inhibitor 99.93%
    AMY-101 acetate (Cp40 acetate), a peptidic inhibitor of the central complement component C3 (KD = 0.5 nM), inhibits naturally occurring periodontitis in non-human primates (NHPs). AMY-101 acetate (Cp40 acetate) exhibits a favorable anti-inflammatory activity in models with COVID-19 severe pneumonia with systemic hyper inflammation[1][2].
  • HY-138281
    Complement factor D-IN-2 Inhibitor 99.33%
    Complement factor D-IN-2 is an inhibitor of complement factor D extracted from patent WO2015130838A1, compound 190. Complement factor D-IN-2 targets factor D and inhibits the complement cascade at an early and essential point in the alternative complement pathway. Complement factor D-IN-2 can be used for the research of autoimmune diseases[1].
  • HY-14648S3
    Dexamethasone-4,6α,21,21-d4 Inhibitor
    Dexamethasone-4,6α,21,21-d4 is the deuterium labeled Dexamethasone-4,6α,21,21. Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.
  • HY-N7400
    Phaseoloidin 99.85%
    Phaseoloidin is a homogentisic acid glucoside from Nicotiana attenuata trichomes and contributes to the plant's resistance against lepidopteran herbivores. Phaseoloidin reduces larval growth of the specialist larvae Manduca sexta and the generalist larvae Spodoptera littoralis[1]. Phaseoloidin has anti-complement activitie[2].
  • HY-P9914
    Eculizumab Inhibitor
    Eculizumab (Anti-Human C5, Humanized Antibody) is a long-acting humanized monoclonal antibody targeted against complement C5. Eculizumab inhibits the cleavage of C5 into C5a and C5b and hence inhibits deployment of the terminal complement system including the formation of membrane attack complex (MAC). Eculizumab has the potential for haemolysis research[1].
  • HY-148141
    JPE-1375 Antagonist 99.94%
    JPE-1375 is a complement C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1) antagonist. JPE-1375 effectively inhibits polymorphonuclear leukocyte mobilization (EC50=6.9 µM) and reduces TNF levels (EC50=4.5 µM) in mice. JPE-1375 can be used in studies of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases[1].
  • HY-Y0641
    3-Phenoxybenzaldehyde Inhibitor
    3-Phenoxybenzaldehyde has weak complement classical pathway inhibition and hemolytic activity[1].